Standardization takes time.
There is a W3C Working Group dedicated to Web Apps. Here is a list of their publications: http://www.w3.org/2008/webapps/wiki/PubStatus.
Take for example an editor draft (ED) on manifest files: Manifest for Web apps. You'll also see they are hard at work on a Fullscreen API, a File API, and a Quota API. All very close to what you are asking for.
For example, here is the abstract from the Quota Management API Editor Draft (just a month old, emphasis mine):
This specification defines an API to manage usage and availability of local storage resources, and defines a means by which a user agent (UA) may grant Web applications permission to use more local space, temporarily or persistently, via various different storage APIs