There are a couple of ways to do this, the best one will depend on your particular database:
Simple Relationship
If the relationship is set up such that
mastertable::index -----< portaltable::mastertableIndex
Then you can simply perform a date range find in the portal on the master table by hand or by script. This would look like:
1/1/2013...12/31/2013
in the portal's date field, assuming you are in the U.S.
When you perform the find, the found set of master records, will all contain a portal record in that date range.
Complex Relationship
You can also set up a more complex relationship, as you indicated with your own answer. That relationship would look like this:
mastertable::index = portaltable::mastertableIndex
mastertable::gStartDate <= portaltable::date
mastertable::gEndDate >= portaltable::date
If you use that relationship, you can enter Find mode, put an *
into the date field of the portal, and perform the Find. This will, again, find all master records that have dates that fall within the range.