If you don't want to use AJAX, and don't want to write JS functions to parse query strings, why not a simple:
<?php if(!isset($_GET['test'])): ?>
<script>
window.addEventListener("load", function() {
window.location = "?test=test";
}, false);
</script>
<?php else: ?>
<!--No JS written on the page, so no redirect -->
<?php endif;?>
But you really should look into AJAX, try using some JS framework like jQuery to help you in the process: http://api.jquery.com/jquery.ajax/