Your page has html extension. So there is the mistake, only pages with php extension are analyzed using php... You must rewrite Your URL's to detail.php and change the extension to php. Hope it helps :).
UPDATE:
In that case, you need:
/flyingchange/detail.php?id=gXpzX09kyF&stadt=Regensburg&Checkout=true
And detail.php:
<?php
$stadt = isset($_GET['stadt']) ? $_GET['stadt'] : 'default_stadt';
$id = isset($_GET['id']) ? $_GET['id'] : 'default_id';
print_r($id);
echo '<br>';
print_r($stadt);
?>
Remember also to be sure that your links are to address on localhost until You are workin on localhost... :)