First of all, that sounds like devenv.exe
is maxing out one of your cores. It's very hard to say what the cause of your specific problem is, but if like you said you do have numerous plugins running, disabling them and then reenabling them one at a time would no doubt help find out if they are the cause or not.
As for your main question, one would think that the designers of Visual Studio did their best to take full advantage of available CPU resources and it is unlikely that there is a separate setting to enable some kind of special multicore mode.