You have to call can.route.ready() to initialize the routing:
Router = can.Control({
"completed route" : function(){
console.log("the hash is #!completed")
},
"active route" : function(){
console.log("the hash is #!active")
},
"route" : function(){
console.log("empty hash")
}
});
// make sure to initialize the Control
new Router(document);
can.route.ready();
Here is the Fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/DeGR5/