Let's say your data is in column A.
It has many rows and there are only four different types of entries, like this:
There are several ways you can count how many apples or bananas are in the list.
Option 1 - a formula To prepare for that, create a list of the four fruit types in cells C1 to C4, with apples, bananas, oranges and cherries as the values. Then in D1 enter the formula
=COUNTIF(A:A,C1)
Copy the formula down. The result should look like this:
Option 2 - Pivot table
Click anywhere within column a, then click Insert > Pivot Table. Drag the data field into the row area and drag the data field again into the Values area. The result will look like this:
If you have any questions about the particular aspects of these suggestions, please post in Superuser.com. Stackoverflow.com is really meant for programming questions, not basic software usage.