As implemented, Catalyst Action REST does content negotiation on the request to determine the serialization method to be used. The default setting is only a fallback and normally your request in the real world will contain a content type.
Documentation on the supported content types and how to map in new deserializers can be found here: enter link description here. Note also that recent versions remove built in support for YAML which would have been the default response to text/html if you just requested the url in your browser.
Use curl or test from a real browser using Javascript
curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:3000/rest/user/1
Also check your installed version of Catalyst which will appear on the info line as you start up the server.