Well I think the best design pattern to describe the UserManager is as a facade for all the various store interfaces. The IUserStoreXXX interfaces were intended to make each of them optional for store implementations, with the idea that the default UserManager would be able to be used safely regardless of the functionality the actual store provides.
The other pattern would be Unit of Work with the implicit expectation for stores to respect this and only save changes inside of the core IUserStore CRUD methods.