You would probably need to iterate through the roles, checking if the current user is in each of them. Sorry I can't provide you with some android code, as I am an iOS programmer, but this is an example of how you could do it with iOS, and hopefully you can port this to android. In iOS I would make a method, or maybe a category, for this code:
PFQuery *rolesQuery = [PFRole query];
NSArray *allRoles = [rolesQuery findObjects];
NSMutableArray *userRoles = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:10];
for (PFRole *role in allRoles) {
PFQuery *usersQuery = [role relationforKey:@"users"].query;
[usersQuery whereKey:@"objectId" equalTo:[PFUser currentUser].objectId];
if ([usersQuery countObjects]) {
[userRoles addObject:role];
}
}
Hope this puts you on the right path...