The post you linked to in your edit DID say that it only works when its not cross-domain meaning if the iframe src is from another domain, you can't do it...
But the third post in that thread did mention an interesting concept. If you use the PHP function file_get_contents();
and get the iframe source, add the link to your style you need before the </head>
and replace the iframe with your own PHP file, you may get it to work. He said he did it with Google Calendar.
https://stackoverflow.com/a/12521755/2748713 -- Link to the relevent post from the thread you found