char first = Character.toLowerCase(str.charAt(0));
if (first >= 'a' && first <= 'd')
{
// etc.
}
If you want to avoid possible locale issues, you can give two ranges, one for lower case and one for upper case:
char first = str.charAt(0);
if ((first >= 'a' && first <= 'd')
|| (first >= 'A' && first <= 'D'))
{
// etc.
}