I had this exact same issue - when I load the website from localhost in IE, a couple of pages later it will crash the session state server, and it crashes it for all other browsers until I restart the whole computer (restarting the session state server did not help). Mine seems to reproduce almost every time - you can't get past 3 pages without it happening. I uninstalled Fiddler but that didn't help.
I noticed it doesn't seem to happen if you use 127.0.0.1 or the computer's IP to access the website.
With that in mind, I set the web.config setting for the state server to '127.0.0.1:42424' instead of 'localhost:42424':
<sessionState cookieless="false" timeout="120" mode="StateServer" stateConnectionString="tcpip=127.0.0.1:42424" />
And it hasn't happened since :)