It's possible your project is not linking against the current version of the Cocoa framework, but is instead linking against the Cocoa framework from a specific SDK version (such as OS X 10.4), which may be missing from your current system.
In Xcode, choose your build target and select Build Phases. Expand "Link Binary with Libraries" and ensure that Cocoa is listed. You may need to remove it and re-add it to this list. When you press the + button to add a framework to link, ensure you are choosing Cocoa from the correct SDK folder. (I don't know what is installed on your system or whether you want to support OS X systems earlier than 10.8.) Add the framework, clean the project, and build again.