I will make a return to close my question and all the better if it can served to someone.
Already again thank you to @IMSoP have answered me and have referrals.
The principle of my dev is updated many elements (on a real example, it can range from 1 to 12000). I had gone to make a call to each update, or the time of the call to the webservice more processing time, I passed largely the actual execution time of PHP (max_execution_time).
So I went on a different principle, I send a file to update my elements and the time is much better. :) Here is an example SOAP call with a file for those who are interested. :)
$url_base = 'http://www.exampletoto.tata/';
// SOAP Client Options
$options = array();
$options['location'] = $url_base. 'webservice/soap';
$options['uri'] = $url_base ;
$options['encoding'] = 'ISO-8859-15';
$options['soap_version'] = SOAP_1_2;
$nom_fic = 'file_name.csv';
$handle = fopen('C:\\TMP\\' . $nom_fic, "rb");
$contents = fread($handle, filesize('C:\\TMP\\' . $nom_fic));
fclose($handle);
$info = array('nom_fic' => $nom_fic,
'taille_fic' => filesize('C:\\TMP\\' . $nom_fic));
$client = new SoapClient(null, $options);
$result = $client->updateService($info, $contents);