To avoid it hiding after you have opened it use a flag and toggle it when you click on the button:
var flag = 0;
$('.button_menu').click(function() {
$(this).next().slideToggle();
if(flag==0){
flag=1;
} else {
flag=0;
}
return false;
});
$( window ).resize(function() {
if ($(window).width() < 960) {
$('.button_menu').css("display", "block");
if(flag==0){
$('#bloc_menu').hide();
}
}else{
$('#bloc_menu').css("display", "block");
$('.button_menu').css("display", "none");
}
});