If I understand you correctly, then you need items from lists which have even count of items:
filteredList = dictionary.Select(kvp => kvp.Value)
.Where(l => l != null && l.Count % 2 == 0)
.SelectMany(l => l)
.ToList();
UPDATE: If you want to select strings with even length, then you should use List<string>
instead of generic list of T
:
SortedDictionary<PriorityType, List<string>> dictionary;
filteredList = dictionary.SelectMany(kvp => kvp.Value)
.Where(s => s.ToString().Length % 2 == 0)
.ToList();