is MVC still a usable approach?
Sure - MVC is completely agnostic of the data source. Linq* is still an option too, you'd just need to build your repository to return IEnumerable<T>
using some other method (like ADO.NET with custom mapping or some other ORM). you could then use Linq in your controllers to query the data coming out of the repositories.
* By Linq I mean Linq-to-Objects, not Linq-to-Entities