The best language for such a project might in fact be Prolog. Have a look at ECLiPSe. It is a widely used tool for Constraint Logic Programming written in Prolog. It has bindings for Java too.
There is a book: A Gentle Guide to Constraint Logic Programming via ECLiPSe about it that mentions various kinds of scheduling and resource allocation problems. Maybe you could get at least some inspiration there.
If you want more information about the problem itself then I recommend using Google Scholar. A brief search returns:
- A genetic algorithm for multi-mode resource constrained project scheduling problem
- Multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling by a simple, general and powerful sequencing algorithm
- PSPLIB - A project scheduling problem library ☆: OR Software - ORSEP Operations Research Software Exchange Program
If you go through the references of these articles then you will very likely find more suitable study material.