This solution assumes you don't have "+"
s at the ends of your string. Since you don't in your example, I assume that's OK.
php > $string="this+++is+test";
php > echo implode('+', # reassemble the string on a single '+' sign
array_filter( # strip empty-string parts of the array entirely
explode('+', $string) # Split the string into array on '+'
)
);
this+is+test