It looks like you have heap corruption. Somewhere, your program has written to memory that you're not supposed to write to.
That might mean you've written to a critical-section data structure belonging to the heap, but it might mean you've written somewhere else that caused the memory manager to think there's a critical-section object where there really isn't one.
The stack trace suggests you're still getting the usual exception you expected to get, but in attempting to handle that exception, something goes wrong.
You could try using the debugger to inspect other memory near where the invalid read occurs. See whether there are any strings or numbers you recognize from your program. They could indicate which section of code is writing where it shouldn't.