Instead of calling 'setcellvalue' for each cell you want to edit, it might be faster to edit the values directly in the dataAdapter. You can do that by accessing the 'records' parameter of dataAdapter.
Then, you will need to force your jqxGrid to refresh data. You can do this by calling 'render' or 'refresh'.
See those links for more infos :
http://www.jqwidgets.com/jquery-widgets-documentation/documentation/jqxinput/jquery-input-api.htm