You can use AudioManager.getStreamVolume http://developer.android.com/reference/android/media/AudioManager.html#getStreamVolume%28int%29 to fetch the current volume for the media player stream (See STREAM_MUSIC http://developer.android.com/reference/android/media/AudioManager.html#STREAM_MUSIC ), and AudioManager.setStreamVolume http://developer.android.com/reference/android/media/AudioManager.html#setStreamVolume%28int,%20int,%20int%29 to set it.
You can use the following snippet, using AudioManager:
AudioManager am =
(AudioManager) getSystemService(Context.AUDIO_SERVICE);
am.setStreamVolume(
AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC,
am.getStreamMaxVolume(AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC),
0);