Try this. It will displays the output as you said.
<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(function(){
$('#button').click(function(){
var id = $(this).attr('id_1');
$.ajax({
url:'get.php',
type: "get",
data:{id:id},
success: function(data){
$('#result').html(data);
}
});
});
});
</script>
<div id="result">
<a href="#" id="button" id_1="20">test</a></div>
This is get.php
<?php if(isset($_GET['id'])){echo 'hi';}
?>
if you want exit:20 as output, then change get.php as
<?php if(isset($_GET['id'])){echo 'exit : '.$_GET['id'];}
?>