If you want to use a wildcard match, you need to change from using -ne to -notlike.
If you want to use a regular expression, you'd use -notmatch.
see:
Get-Help about_comparison_operators
An example:
[Array]$index = $row.Split(" ") -notlike "*`[*`]*" -ne "Value2" -ne "Value3" -ne "Value4" -ne "Value5"
Note: the square brackets are considered part of the wildcard set, so to match them literally they need to be escaped with backticks.