I'm going to guess that you may be using Sybase ASE, given the version number you listed, and the fact that the Sybase IQ syntax gave you an error message.
For SAP Sybase ASE you would drop the default using the sp_unbindefault
command.
sp_unbindefault 'MyTable.MyColumn'
Documentation: Adaptive Server Enterprise 15.5 > Reference Manual: Procedures > System Procedures