These values don't apply to anything, what happens is as part of the publish command VS transforms your default web.config
using the rules you have defined in your build-specific web.config
(in your case, your debug
build config).
A lot of people get confused thinking that these values just automagically work when you build your project, that's not the case. However, if you want this behaviour there is a nice little plugin called SlowCheetah that will do this for you.
It's worth reading up on Web.config File Transformations and How to: Transform Web.config When Deploying a Web Application Project