Figured it out!
// Because we're about to spin this triangle, be sure to draw
// backfaces. If we don't, the back side of the triangle is invisible.
Appearance ap = new Appearance();
PolygonAttributes pa = new PolygonAttributes();
pa.setCullFace(PolygonAttributes.CULL_NONE);
ap.setPolygonAttributes(pa);
shape.setAppearance(ap);
Resource: http://www.duling.us/kevin/Java3D/simple/TriSpin.html