OK, so I finally have found a solution. You need to get rid of dependencies to modules and copy the resources using maven-resources-plugin:
example-html/pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project
xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>example-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>example-html</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>example-core</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>example-core</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
<classifier>sources</classifier>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>gwt-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${gwt.version}</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>prepare-package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>compile</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>copy-assets-core</id>
<phase>process-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy-resources</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/${project.artifactId}-${project.version}/ExampleProject/</outputDirectory>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>${project.parent.basedir}/assets-core/src/main/resources/assets</directory>
</resource>
</resources>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>en</id>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>copy-assets-en</id>
<phase>process-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy-resources</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<overwrite>true</overwrite>
<outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/${project.artifactId}-${project.version}/ExampleProject/</outputDirectory>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>${project.parent.basedir}/assets-en/src/main/resources/assets</directory>
</resource>
</resources>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</profile>
</profiles>
</project>