I think it's because you are outputting to a jpeg. This works for me:
library(fpc)
pdf("dbscan.pdf")
ds <- dbscan(mtcars[,c(1,2)],2,showplot=T)
dev.off()
BTW: you don't need to assign dbscan(...)
to anything. This works as well:
library(fpc)
pdf("dbscan.pdf")
dbscan(mtcars[,c(1,2)],2,showplot=T)
dev.off()