If you look at the title of the screen for the "near me" tab, it is actually "Popular Near Me". This screen contains apps that a lot of people near your current location have downloaded. There is no direct link between an app and a location. For example when I check the "Near Me" tab I see the local newspaper and public transport apps but also a national banking app and the podcast app.
If you can get a lot of people near you to download your app then it will be on that list.