JavaScript only has single inheritance, and therefore a linear prototype chain. a instanceof B tests if B is in the prototype chain of a.
Emulating multiple inheritance, dojo takes the first object as the prototype, and treats all remaining objects as mixins.
Therefore the objects _BaseField and ValidationTextBox are not used equally.
To test that object also inherits from ValidationTextBox the dojo way, you have to test the dojo way, i.e.
object.isInstanceOf(ValidationTextBox) // true