Just assign to an index of the list:
>>> x = ['1', '24', 'M', 'technician', '85711']
>>> x[0] = int(x[0])
>>> x
[1, '24', 'M', 'technician', '85711']
>>>
This solution keeps the list object the same too:
>>> x = ['1', '24', 'M', 'technician', '85711']
>>> id(x)
35174000
>>> x[0] = int(x[0])
>>> id(x)
35174000
>>>