The following code will work perfectly to get each li's data-date value.
<?php
include('inc/simple_html_dom.php');
$html = str_get_html('<ul class="media-list">
<li class="media-item" data-date="2014-04-24 07:30:29">Tes</li>
<li class="media-item" data-date="2014-04-25 08:30:29">Tes</li>
<li class="media-item" data-date="2014-04-26 09:30:29">Tes</li>
</ul>');
foreach($html->find('ul.media-list li.media-item') as $li)
{
echo $li->{'data-date'}."<br>";
}
?>