A solution could be to use SVG markers. You can scale them as you wish. Here is a quick example with a simple circle marker:
var icon = {
path: "M-20,0a20,20 0 1,0 40,0a20,20 0 1,0 -40,0",
fillColor: '#FF0000',
fillOpacity: .6,
anchor: new google.maps.Point(0,0),
strokeWeight: 0,
scale: 1
}
Note the scale
property. You can increment this value every time you create a marker.
Hope this helps!