These files are IntelliJ IDEA (Ultimate Edition, not Community Edition) diagram files, used store UML diagrams generated by IntelliJ.
Here is an example shown in IntelliJ:
Here what the .uml file contains:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Diagram>
<ID>JAVA</ID>
<OriginalElement />
<nodes>
<node x="-317.5" y="-101.0">com.artechra.Detail</node>
<node x="-320.5" y="-195.0">com.artechra.Master</node>
</nodes>
<notes />
<edges>
<edge source="com.artechra.Master" target="com.artechra.Detail">
<point x="0.0" y="0.0" />
<point x="0.0" y="0.0" />
</edge>
</edges>
<settings layout="Hierarchic Group" zoom="1.0" x="0.0" y="0.0" />
<SelectedNodes />
<Categories />
<SCOPE>All</SCOPE>
<VISIBILITY>private</VISIBILITY>
</Diagram>
According to the text that appears in each diagram, it's all "powered by" yFiles which may well be the generic markup format.