In order for custom action to appear in your custom list definition you need to change RegistrationId
property to the value of Type
property of your list definition. In your case it should be RegistrationId=10000
If you want to attach your custom action to all document libraries you can try to attach it to Document content type:
SPUserCustomAction action1 = web.UserCustomActions.Add();
action1.RegistrationType = SPUserCustomActionRegistrationType.ContentType;
action1.ImageUrl = "~sitecollection/myresources/Images/Logo16x16.png";
action1.RegistrationId = "0x0101";
action1.Location = "EditControlBlock";
action1.Sequence = 500;
action1.Title = "Redirect to my page";
action1.Url = "javascript:__doPostBack('RedirectPostBack','{ItemId}|{ListId}');";
action1.Update();