Your x
variable needs to have more samples to capture the narrow peak in the second density function:
x = seq(0, .01, .000001)
s = 28.4; r = 17000
plot(x, dgamma(x, shape=s, rate = r), type = 'l', ylab = 'density')
abline(v = s/r, col = 'red')
lines(x, dgamma(x, shape=s*1000, rate = r*1000), col = 'blue')