I would remove the first "if" completely, you don't need to check if you're in manager or not since context doesn't make a difference there. You also don't need a switch to "web" context since that will be the default, you only need to change to "en" or any other language when needed. The culturekey should be set automatically when you switch context. This should be enough:
switch ($_SERVER['HTTP_HOST']) {
case 'www.xxxxxxxxxxx.de':
//switch the context
$modx->switchContext('en');
break;
}
If you really want the first "if" i would suggest lowering the priority (by increasing the number in the priority field for onHandleRequest to something high, like 999). To make sure it runs after everything else.
Edit: You might also want to try changing $modx->context->get('key')
to $resource->get('context_key')