In the vertex cover problem, you want to pick set of vertices V
in such a way that every edge in the graph has at least one endpoint in V
.
Konig's theorem is the following:
In any bipartite graph, the number of edges in a maximum matching equals the number of vertices in a minimum vertex cover.
In your example, maximum matching is of course 4, but also minimum vertex cover is 4 because you can cover all edges by picking vertices {1, 2, 3, 4}
and you cannot do better than that.