Something like this maybe?
public static double[] add(){
double[] v = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 4};
double[] w = {5, 4, 3, 3, 1};
int a = v.length;
int b = w.length;
int capacity = Math.max(a,b);
double[] s = new double[capacity];
for (int i = 0; i<capacity; i++){
s[i] = (i >= v.length ? 0 : v[i]) + (i >= w.length ? 0 : w[i]);
}
return s;
}