You can exclude directories from Laravel's rewrite rules by adding a rewrite rule to .htaccess like so:
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
<IfModule mod_negotiation.c>
Options -MultiViews
</IfModule>
RewriteEngine On
# Excluded Folders...
RewriteRule ^(folder1|folder2|folder3|e.t.c.)($|/) - [L]
# Redirect Trailing Slashes...
RewriteRule ^(.*)/$ /$1 [L,R=301]
# Handle Front Controller...
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteRule ^ index.php [L]
</IfModule>