SQLite has no SET statement; the only statements allowed in triggers are SELECT/INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE. Therefore, you cannot affect the values to be inserted in the trigger; you have to update the table afterwards:
CREATE TRIGGER [...]
AFTER INSERT ON MyTable
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
UPDATE MyTable
SET Column1 = Column2 || Column3 -- or trim(...)
WHERE rowid = NEW.rowid;
END;