How to load pictures in pygame? [closed]

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I am using pygame to make a game but when I try to load my pictures it results in a error: Couldn't open ball.png. can any one please help? here is my entire code.

To be exact I am trying to figure out why in the class BoxSprite class does ("ball.png") not load. Also why does that happen in class missle and class gun with ("arrow.png") and ("gun.png")???

import pygame
import sys
from pygame.locals import KEYDOWN, KEYUP, K_SPACE, K_ESCAPE, K_RIGHT, K_LEFT

width         = 320
height        = 240
imageWidth    = 32
imageHeight   = 32

goingLeft     = True
invaderHeight = 0
gunLeft       = False
gunRight      = False
gunXpos       = (width/2)-(imageWidth/2)
delay         = 10



class BoxSprite(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    image = None

    def __init__(self, initial_position):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        if BoxSprite.image is None:
            BoxSprite.image = pygame.image.load("ball.png")
        self.image = BoxSprite.image

        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.topleft = initial_position
        self.next_update_time = 0 # update() hasn't been called yet.
       self.yPos = initial_position[1]

    def update(self, current_time, left, right):
        global goingLeft, invaderHeight, imageWidth, delay
        # Update every 2 milliseconds = 1/500th of a second.
        if self.next_update_time < current_time:
            # If we're at the left or right the screen, switch directions.
            if self.rect.topleft[0] == left:
                goingLeft = False
                invaderHeight += 1
            elif self.rect.topleft[0] == right-imageWidth:
                goingLeft = True
                invaderHeight += 1
            if goingLeft == True:
                self.rect.topleft = [self.rect.topleft[0]-1, self.rect.topleft[1]]
            else:
                self.rect.topleft = [self.rect.topleft[0]+1, self.rect.topleft[1]]
            self.rect.topleft = [self.rect.topleft[0], invaderHeight+self.yPos]
            self.next_update_time = current_time + delay

class missile(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    image = None

    def __init__(self, initial_position):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        if missile.image is None:
            missile.image = pygame.image.load("arrow.png")
        self.image = missile.image

        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.topleft = initial_position
        self.next_update_time = 0 # update() hasn't been called yet.

    def update(self, current_time, left, right):
        global missile
        # Update every 2 milliseconds = 1/500th of a second.
        if self.next_update_time < current_time:
            # If we're reached the top then stop
            if self.rect.topleft[1] == 0:
                missiles.remove(self)
                self.kill()
                return
            else:
                self.rect.topleft = [self.rect.topleft[0], self.rect.topleft[1]-1]
            self.next_update_time = current_time + 4

class gun(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    image   = None

    def __init__(self):
        global width, imageHeight, gunXpos
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        if gun.image is None:
            gun.image = pygame.image.load("gun.png")
        self.image = gun.image

        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.topleft = [gunXpos, height-imageHeight]
        self.next_update_time = 0 # update() hasn't been called yet.

    def update(self, current_time, left, right):
        global gunXpos, width, imageWidth

        # check update
        if self.next_update_time < current_time:
            if gunLeft and gunXpos>0:
                gunXpos -= 1
            if gunRight and gunXpos<width-imageWidth:
                gunXpos += 1
            self.rect.topleft = [gunXpos, self.rect.topleft[1]]
            self.next_update_time = current_time + 1


def checkInput():
    global gunLeft, gunRight, missiles, gunXpos, height
    for event in pygame.event.get():
       if event.type == KEYDOWN:
          if event.key == K_ESCAPE:
              sys.exit(0)
          elif event.key == K_RIGHT:
              gunLeft = False
              gunRight = True
          elif event.key == K_LEFT:
              gunLeft = True
              gunRight = False
          else:
              missiles.append(missile([gunXpos, height]))
       elif event.type == KEYUP and event.key != K_SPACE:
          gunRight = False
          gunLeft = False

def checkCollisions():
    global missiles, boxes
    if missiles != [] and boxes != []:
        for m in missiles:
            found = False
            for b in pygame.sprite.spritecollide(m, boxes, 0):
                boxes.remove(b)
                b.kill()
                found = True
        if found:
            missiles.remove(m)
            m.kill()

pygame.init()
boxes = []
missiles = []

for x in range(0, width, 32):
    for y in range(0, 96, 32):
        boxes.append(BoxSprite([x, y]))

screen = pygame.display.set_mode([320, 240])
gunControl = gun()

while boxes != []:
    screen.fill([0, 0, 0]) # blank the screen.
    time = pygame.time.get_ticks()
    for b in boxes:
        b.update(time, 0, width)
        screen.blit(b.image, b.rect)

    checkInput()
    checkCollisions()

    gunControl.update(time, 0, width)
    screen.blit(gunControl.image, gunControl.rect)
    for m in missiles:
        m.update(time, 0, width)
        screen.blit(m.image, m.rect)
    pygame.display.update()
    if pygame.sprite.spritecollide(gunControl, boxes, 0) != []:
        pygame.time.delay(50)
        print ("loser")
        sys.exit(0)
    if len(boxes)<10:
        delay = len(boxes)

pygame.time.delay(50)
print ("winner")

Answer 1

http://www.pygame.org/docs/ref/image.html#pygame.image.load

you can use pygame.image.load(os.path.join('path', 'to', 'image.png'))

which returns a Surface object. You should then be able to set your sprite's image attribute to equal this value.

like so:

def __init__(self, initial_position):
    pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
    self.image = pygame.image.load(os.path.join("path", "to", "ball.png"))