There are two ways.
1) use Id attribute
2) use html5 data attribute.
Razor:
@Html.ActionLink("Edit", "Edit", new { id = item.Id }, new { data_id = item.Id, id = item.Id })
Jquery:
$('a').click(function(){
alert($(this).data("id")); // alerts data-id attribute
//or
alert(this.id); // this alerts Id attribute
});