Mathematics topics or fields that increase computer programming proficiency? [closed]

Question

Generally computer programmers who are mathematicians or have mathematics background are very good in terms of algorithms and computer programming in general.

What I am not saying:

Mathematics is needed to be a good computer programmer. Mathematics is necessary for programming. Good mathematicians are good programmers and vice versa

What I am saying

I would like to learn some mathematics because I believe it will make me a better programmer. What areas/topics of mathematics will help me to become a better programmer? Answers of the form math topic - corresponding cs area will be appreciated.

NB: I asked this on StackOverflow where it was declared off-topic. I want to learn it during my spare time just the way I have been doing with computer programming. Thanks in advance.