Tool to read and display Java .class versions
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09-06-2019 - |
Question
Do any of you know of a tool that will search for .class files and then display their compiled versions?
I know you can look at them individually in a hex editor but I have a lot of class files to look over (something in my giant application is compiling to Java6 for some reason).
Solution
Use the javap tool that comes with the JDK. The -verbose
option will print the version number of the class file.
> javap -verbose MyClass
Compiled from "MyClass.java"
public class MyClass
SourceFile: "MyClass.java"
minor version: 0
major version: 46
...
To only show the version:
WINDOWS> javap -verbose MyClass | find "version"
LINUX > javap -verbose MyClass | grep version
OTHER TIPS
It is easy enough to read the class file signature and get these values without a 3rd party API. All you need to do is read the first 8 bytes.
ClassFile {
u4 magic;
u2 minor_version;
u2 major_version;
For class file version 51.0 (Java 7), the opening bytes are:
CA FE BA BE 00 00 00 33
...where 0xCAFEBABE are the magic bytes, 0x0000 is the minor version and 0x0033 is the major version.
import java.io.*;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
ClassLoader loader = Demo.class.getClassLoader();
try (InputStream in = loader.getResourceAsStream("Demo.class");
DataInputStream data = new DataInputStream(in)) {
if (0xCAFEBABE != data.readInt()) {
throw new IOException("invalid header");
}
int minor = data.readUnsignedShort();
int major = data.readUnsignedShort();
System.out.println(major + "." + minor);
}
}
}
Walking directories (File) and archives (JarFile) looking for class files is trivial.
Oracle's Joe Darcy's blog lists the class version to JDK version mappings up to Java 7:
Target Major.minor Hex
1.1 45.3 0x2D
1.2 46.0 0x2E
1.3 47.0 0x2F
1.4 48.0 0x30
5 (1.5) 49.0 0x31
6 (1.6) 50.0 0x32
7 (1.7) 51.0 0x33
8 (1.8) 52.0 0x34
9 53.0 0x35
On Unix-like
file /path/to/Thing.class
Will give the file type and version as well. Here is what the output looks like:
compiled Java class data, version 49.0
If you are on a unix system you could just do a
find /target-folder -name \*.class | xargs file | grep "version 50\.0"
(my version of file says "compiled Java class data, version 50.0" for java6 classes).
Yet another java version check
od -t d -j 7 -N 1 ApplicationContextProvider.class | head -1 | awk '{print "Java", $2 - 44}'
Maybe this helps somebody, too. Looks there is more easy way to get JAVA version used to compile/build .class. This way is useful to application/class self check on JAVA version.
I have gone through JDK library and found this useful constant: com.sun.deploy.config.BuiltInProperties.CURRENT_VERSION. I do not know since when it is in JAVA JDK.
Trying this piece of code for several version constants I get result below:
src:
System.out.println("JAVA DEV ver.: " + com.sun.deploy.config.BuiltInProperties.CURRENT_VERSION);
System.out.println("JAVA RUN v. X.Y: " + System.getProperty("java.specification.version") );
System.out.println("JAVA RUN v. W.X.Y.Z: " + com.sun.deploy.config.Config.getJavaVersion() ); //_javaVersionProperty
System.out.println("JAVA RUN full ver.: " + System.getProperty("java.runtime.version") + " (may return unknown)" );
System.out.println("JAVA RUN type: " + com.sun.deploy.config.Config.getJavaRuntimeNameProperty() );
output:
JAVA DEV ver.: 1.8.0_77
JAVA RUN v. X.Y: 1.8
JAVA RUN v. W.X.Y.Z: 1.8.0_91
JAVA RUN full ver.: 1.8.0_91-b14 (may return unknown)
JAVA RUN type: Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment
In class bytecode there is really stored constant - see red marked part of Main.call - constant stored in .class bytecode
Constant is in class used for checking if JAVA version is out of date (see How Java checks that is out of date)...