PHP: Replace umlauts with closest 7-bit ASCII equivalent in an UTF-8 string
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03-07-2019 - |
Question
What I want to do is to remove all accents and umlauts from a string, turning "lärm" into "larm" or "andré" into "andre". What I tried to do was to utf8_decode the string and then use strtr on it, but since my source file is saved as UTF-8 file, I can't enter the ISO-8859-15 characters for all umlauts - the editor inserts the UTF-8 characters.
Obviously a solution for this would be to have an include that's an ISO-8859-15 file, but there must be a better way than to have another required include?
echo strtr(utf8_decode($input),
'ŠŒŽšœžŸ¥µÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖØÙÚÛÜÝßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõöøùúûüýÿ',
'SOZsozYYuAAAAAAACEEEEIIIIDNOOOOOOUUUUYsaaaaaaaceeeeiiiionoooooouuuuyy');
UPDATE: Maybe I was a bit inaccurate with what I try to do: I do not actually want to remove the umlauts, but to replace them with their closest "one character ASCII" equivalent.
Solution
iconv("utf-8","ascii//TRANSLIT",$input);
Extended example
OTHER TIPS
A little trick that doesn't require setting locales or having huge translation tables:
function Unaccent($string)
{
if (strpos($string = htmlentities($string, ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8'), '&') !== false)
{
$string = html_entity_decode(preg_replace('~&([a-z]{1,2})(?:acute|cedil|circ|grave|lig|orn|ring|slash|tilde|uml);~i', '$1', $string), ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8');
}
return $string;
}
The only requirement for it to work properly is to save your files in UTF-8 (as you should already).
you can also try this
$string = "Fóø Bår";
$transliterator = Transliterator::createFromRules(':: Any-Latin; :: Latin-ASCII; :: NFD; :: [:Nonspacing Mark:] Remove; :: Lower(); :: NFC;', Transliterator::FORWARD);
echo $normalized = $transliterator->transliterate($string);
but you need to have http://php.net/manual/en/book.intl.php available
Okay, found an obvious solution myself, but it's not the best concerning performance...
echo strtr(utf8_decode($input),
utf8_decode('ŠŒŽšœžŸ¥µÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖØÙÚÛÜÝßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõöøùúûüýÿ'),
'SOZsozYYuAAAAAAACEEEEIIIIDNOOOOOOUUUUYsaaaaaaaceeeeiiiionoooooouuuuyy');
For Arabic and Persian users i recommend this way to remove diacritics:
$diacritics = array('َ','ِ','ً','ٌ','ٍ','ّ','ْ','ـ');
$search_txt = str_replace($diacritics, '', $diacritics);
For typing diacritics in Arabic keyboards u can use this Asci(those codes are Asci not Unicode) codes in windows editors typing diacritics directly or holding Alt + (type the code of diacritic character) This is the codes
ـَ(0243) ـِ(0246) ـُ(0245) ـً(0240) ـٍ(0242) ـٌ(0241) ـْ(0250) ـّ(0248) ـ ـ(0220)
I found that this one gives the most consistent results in French and German.
with the meta tag set to utf-8
, I have place it in a function to return a line from a array of words and it works perfect.
htmlentities ( $line, ENT_SUBSTITUTE , 'utf-8' )
If you are using WordPress, you can use the built-in function remove_accents( $string )
https://codex.wordpress.org/Function_Reference/remove_accents
However I noticed a bug : it doesn’t work on a string with a single character.