Function Pointer - Compile time error

Question

I am new to function pointers and I would like your help. I am having a method:

int test3(int i)
{
    return i;
}

Then in another method(not main) I do:

int (*pTest3)(int) = test3;

From the examples that I have read this seems ok. However, I get a compile time error:

testFile.cpp:277:25: error: argument of type ‘int ({anonymous}::CheckingConsumer::)(int)’ does not match ‘int (*)(int)’

I do not understand what is wrong. Any help would be appreciated.

Thanks a lot.

Answer 1

Your test3 is a member function of a struct or a class. Class member functions have a hidden this parameter passed into them and so cannot be used with plain function pointers. You need to either declare the function as static or move it outside the struct/class, so that it no longer has a hidden this parameter, or use a class method pointer instead of a function pointer:

// static class method:
class X
{
    static int test3(int i)
    {
        ...
    }
};

// Non-class method, at global scope
int test3(int i)
{
    ...
}

// Class method pointer
class X
{
    int test3(int i)
    {
        ...
    }
};

// Create the method pointer
int (X::*pTest3) = &X::test3;
X *obj;
// Call the method pointer on an object
(obj ->* pTest3)(42);

Answer 2

Your method test3 seems to be an instance method. Later on you define pTest3 as function pointer, not as member function pointer.

Main difference between simple pointers and member pointers is that using the member pointer requires an instance of the object. An instance of the object tells what object should be processed and the value of the pointer tells what data field of the object should be used or what member function should be called. Value of the member pointer is conceptually equivalent to the offset from the beginning of the object to its member.

Declaring the member pointer using typedef:

typedef int (SomeClass::*MyMethodPtr)(int i);
MyMethodPtr ptr3 = SomeClass::test3;

Now using this pointer:

class SomeClass *pab = &ab;
int ret_value = (pab->*ptr3)(4);

Note that the instance of the class is used. There is other important point about the member pointers. They are implemented as structs that contain inside from 2 to 5 simple pointers and offsets depending on the compiler and other aspects like multiple inheritance, presence of vitrual base classes, etc.