What is the folding method corresponding to {{{ in Emacs?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/810007
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03-07-2019 - |
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I have used the following as comments in my .emacs
// {{{
// }}}
My .emacs
;; Basic Characteristics// {{{*/
(setq c-basic-offset 4) ; indents 4 chars
(setq tab-width 4) ; and 4 char wide for TAB
(setq indent-tabs-mode nil) ; And force use of spaces
(turn-on-font-lock) ; same as syntax on in Vim
(setq inhibit-splash-screen t) ; hide welcome screen// }}}*/
;;;; For Emacs' org -mode// {{{*/
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;; The following lines are always needed. Choose your own keys.
(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.org\\'" . org-mode))
(global-set-key "\C-cl" 'org-store-link)
(global-set-key "\C-ca" 'org-agenda)
(global-set-key "\C-cb" 'org-iswitchb)
(global-font-lock-mode 1) ; for all buffers
(add-hook 'org-mode-hook 'turn-on-font-lock) ; Org buffers only
;; This is needed for Emacs 22, not for 23
(transient-mark-mode 1)
;; To load Lisp files
;; includes only one folder
;; (add-to-list 'load-path "~/.lisp")
;// }}}*/
;; to include all subdirectories too// {{{*/
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;; 1. color theme
;;; 2. Google hyperlinks
;;; this code includes only one folder
(let ((base "/Users/Masi/.lisp"))
(add-to-list 'load-path base)
(dolist (f (directory-files base))
(let ((name (concat base "/" f)))
(when (and (file-directory-p name)
(not (equal f ".."))
(not (equal f ".")))
(add-to-list 'load-path name)))))
;// }}}*/
; customize hs-minor-mode// {{{*/
(add-hook 'c-mode-common-hook
(lambda()
(local-set-key (kbd "C-c <right>") 'hs-show-block)
(local-set-key (kbd "C-c <left>") 'hs-hide-block)
(local-set-key (kbd "C-c <up>") 'hs-hide-all)
(local-set-key (kbd "C-c <down>") 'hs-show-all)
(hs-minor-mode t)))
;// }}}*/
;; Folds// {{{*/
; to enable folding mode
(load "folding" 'nomessage 'noerror)
(folding-mode-add-find-file-hook)t
;;{{{ LaTeX mode stuff
(add-hook 'TeX-mode-hook
'(lambda ()
(LaTeX-math-mode)
(turn-on-reftex)))
;;// }}}*/
I get the following error
Loading encoded-kb...done
An error has occurred while loading `/Users/Masi/.emacs':
error: Too many arguments
To ensure normal operation, you should investigate and remove the
cause of the error in your initialization file. Start Emacs with
the `--debug-init' option to view a complete error backtrace.
In debug mode, it says
Debugger entered--Lisp error: (error "Too many arguments")
(defvar folding-package-url-location "Latest folding is available at http://cvs.xemacs.org/-xemacs-p (or (boundp 'xemacs-logo)\n $
eval-buffer(#<buffer *load*<2>> nil "/Users/Masi/.lisp/folding.el" nil t) ; Reading at buffer position 35362
load-with-code-conversion("/Users/Masi/.lisp/folding.el" "/Users/Masi/.lisp/folding.el" t t)
load("folding" nomessage noerror)
eval-buffer(#<buffer *load*> nil "/Users/Masi/.emacs" nil t) ; Reading at buffer position 2224
load-with-code-conversion("/Users/Masi/.emacs" "/Users/Masi/.emacs" t t)
load("~/.emacs" t t)
#[nil "^H\205\276^@ \306=\203^Q^@\307^H\310Q\202A^@ \311=\2033^@\312\307\313\314#\203#^@\315\202A^@\312\307\313\316#\203/^@\317\202A^@\315\202A^@ \32$
command-line()
normal-top-level()
My ~/.lisp/folding.el
;;; folding.el --- A folding-editor-like minor mode.
;; This file is not part of Emacs
;; Copyright (C) 2000-2009
;; Jari Aalto
;; Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999
;; Jari Aalto, Anders Lindgren.
;; Copyright (C) 1994
;; Jari Aalto
;; Copyright (C) 1992, 1993
;; Jamie Lokier, All rights reserved.
;;
;; Author: Jamie Lokier <jamie A T imbolc.ucc dt ie>
;; Jari Aalto <jari aalto A T cante dt net>
;; Anders Lindgren <andersl A T csd.uu dt se>
;; Maintainer: Jari Aalto <jari aalto A T cante dt net>
;; Created: 1992
;; Keywords: tools
;;
;; [Latest XEmacs CVS tree commit and revision]
;; VCS-Version: $Revision: 3.42 $
;; VCS-URL: http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/emacs-tiny-tools/
;; VCS-Date: $Date: 2007/05/07 10:50:05 $
;;
;; [Latest devel: Savannah emacs-tiny-tools revision]
;; Version: git 56b3089
(defconst folding-version-time "2009.0220.1404"
"Last edit time in format YYYY.MMDD.HHMM.")
;;{{{ GPL
;; This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
;; modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
;; published by the Free Software Foundation,
;; or (at your option) any later version.
;;
;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
;; GNU General Public License for more details.
;;
;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
;; along with program. If not, write to the
;; Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
;; Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
;;
;; Visit <http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html> for more information
;;}}}
;;; Commentary:
;;{{{ Introduction
;; Preface
;;
;; This package provides a minor mode, compatible with all major
;; editing modes, for folding (hiding) parts of the edited text or
;; program.
;;
;; Folding mode handles a document as a tree, where each branch
;; is bounded by special markers `{{{' and `}}}'. A branch can be
;; placed inside another branch, creating a complete hierarchical
;; structure.
;;
;; Folding mode can CLOSE a fold, leaving only the initial `{{{'
;; and possibly a comment visible.
;;
;; It can also ENTER a fold, which means that only the current
;; fold will be visible, all text above `{{{' and below `}}}'
;; will be invisible.
;;
;; Please note, that the maintainers do not recommend to use only
;; folding for you your code layout and navigation. Folding.el is
;; on its best when it can "chunk" large sections of code inside
;; folds. The larger the chunks, the more the usability of
;; folding will increase. Folding.el is not meant to hide
;; individual functions: you may be better served by hideshow.el
;; or imenu.el (which can parse the function indexes)
;;}}}
;;{{{ Installation
;; Installation
;;
;; To install Folding mode, put this file (folding.el) on your
;; Emacs `load-path' (or extend the load path to include the
;; directory containing this file) and optionally byte compile it.
;;
;; The best way to install folding is the autoload installation,
;; so that folding is loaded into your emacs only when you turn on
;; `folding-mode'. This statement speeds up loading your .emacs
;;
;; (autoload 'folding-mode "folding" "Folding mode" t)
;; (autoload 'turn-off-folding-mode "folding" "Folding mode" t)
;; (autoload 'turn-on-folding-mode "folding" "Folding mode" t)
;;
;; But if you always use folding, then perhaps you want more
;; traditional installation. Here Folding mode starts
;; automatically when you load a folded file.
;;
;; ;; (setq folding-default-keys-function
;; ;; 'folding-bind-backward-compatible-keys)
;;
;; (if (load "folding" 'nomessage 'noerror)
;; (folding-mode-add-find-file-hook))
;;
;; Folding uses a keymap which conforms with the new Emacs
;; (started 19.29) style. The key bindings are prefixed with
;; "C-c@" instead of old "C-c". To use the old keyboard bindings,
;; uncomment the lines in the the above installation example
;;
;; The same folding marks can be used in `vim' editor command
;; "set fdm=marker".
;;
;; Uninstallation
;;
;; To remove folding, call `M-x' `folding-uninstall'.
;;
;; To read the manual
;;
;; At any point you can reach the manual with `M-x'
;; `finder-commentary' RET folding RET.
;;}}}
;;{{{ DOCUMENTATION
;; Compatibility
;;
;; Folding supports following Emacs flavors:
;;
;; Unix Emacs 19.28+ and Win32 Emacs 19.34+
;; Unix XEmacs 19.14+ and Win32 XEmacs 21.0+
;;
;; Compatibility not for old NT Emacs releases
;;
;; NOTE: folding version starting from 2.47 gets around this bug
;; by using adviced kill/yank functions. The advice functions are
;; only instantiated under problematic NT Emacs versions.
;;
;; Windows NT/9x 19.34 - 20.3.1 (i386-*-nt4.0) versions contained
;; a bug which affected using folding. At the time the bug was
;; reported by Trey Jackson <trey A T cs berkeley edu>
;;
;; If you kill folded area and yank it back, the ^M marks are
;; removed for some reason.
;;
;; Before kill
;; packages or modes
;;
;; Folding.el was designed tofor big files. Sometimes people misunderstand the
;; better job. Trying to wrap
;; individual functions insis not where folding is
;; it's best. Grouping several f logical fold-block
;; in the other is. So, to choose a our need,
;; here are some suggestions,:
;;
;; o Naation of imenu.el, speedbar.el and
;; hideshow.el
;; ng.el
;; o For text, `outline-mode' is more non-intrusive.
;; Look at Emacs NEWS file (`C-x' `n') and you can se: `M-x' `folding-mode'
;; `RET'. The mode line should cont When loading a document containing fold marks, Folding mode ised. For example when
;; loading my init file, only the follines
;; of comments) are visible:
;;
;; ;;{{{ Ge ;;{{{ Keyboard...
;; ;;{{{ Packages...
;; ;; ;;{{{ Minor modes...
;; ;;{{{ Debug...
;;
;t entering,
;; use `C-c @ C-s', which produces this displa
;; ;;}}}
;;
;; To show everything, just as the fook like if
;; Folding mode hadn't been activated, give thT', normally bound to `C-c' `@'
;; `C-o'. To close all foevel, the
;; command `folding-whole-buffer' could be used.ouse support
;;
;; Folding mode v2.0 introduced mouse support. Folds can be shown
;; or hidden by simply clicking ondidn't click on a
;; fold mark.
;;
;; The menu
;;
;; placed in the "Tools" menu. Should no Tools menu exist
;; he menu will be placed in the menu bar.
;;
;; ISearch
;;
;; incremental search (C-s) facilities,
;; folds will be aut;;
;; Problems
;;
;; Uneven fold marks
;;
;; Oops, I ;;{{{
;; ;;}}}
;;
;; folding-whole-buffer d whole buffer
;;
;; If you call commands `folding-open-bufd
;; `folding-whole-buffer' and notice that there are open;; sections in the buffer, then you have mismatch of foldspen or closing fold mark.
;;
;; Folding and outline modes
;;
;ame as Outline mode, a major and
;; minor mode which is pahe Emacs distribution. The two
;; packages do, however, re other very much. The main
;; differences between the twore:
;;
;; o Folding mode uses explicit marks, `{{{' and `}}}', to
;; mark the beginning and the end of a branch.
;; Outline, on the other other hand, tries to use already
;; existing marks, like the `\section' string in a TeX
;; document.
;;
;; o Outline mode has no end marker which means that it is
;; impossible for text to follow a sub-branch.
;;
;; o Folding mode use the same markers for branches on all depths,
;; Outline mode requires that marks should be longer the
;; further, down in the tree you go, e.g `\chap', \section',
;; `\subsection', `\subsubsection'. This is needed to
;; distinguish the next mark at the current or higher levels
;; from a sub-branch, a problem caused by the lack of
;; end-markers.
;;
;; o Folding mode has mouse suppoyou can navigate through a
;; folded document by clicksion
;; of Outline mode has mouse support.)
;;
;; of Folding is capable of
;; automatically to open folthe the entire
;; document must be opened prior isearcutline mode is useful when the document being
;; edited coers are hard to find, except if you're happy with
;; one fn per fold.
;;
;; Future development ideas
;;
;; The planinning to rewrite the entire package.
;; Including replacithe program, written using
;; old Emacs technology (selectys or text-properties for
;; Emacs and extents for XEmacs.;;
;; It is not likely that any of this will come true coning
;; the time required to rewrite the core of the package. Since
;; the package, in it's current state, is much more powerful than
;; the original, it would be appropriate to write such package
;; from scratch instead of doing surgery on this one.
;;}}}
;;{{{ Customization
;; Customization: general
;;
;; The behavior of Folding mode is controlled mainly by a set of
;; Emacs Lisp variables. This section will discuss the most
;; useful ones, for more details please see the code. The
;; descriptions below assumes that you know a bit about how to
;; use simple Emacs Lisp and kt ~/.emacs, your
;; init file.
;;
;; Customization: hooks a
;; function doing the customization. The function is the see
;; the example section below.) The following hooks lding mode is activated.
;; o `<major mode>-folding-hookjor
;; mode set to <major mode>. (e.g. When editing C the hook `c-mode-folding-hook' is called.)
;; o `fol Called when folding mode is loaded into Emacs.
;;
;; C it is used by outline-minor-mode. It is not likely that fe try to use folding and outline at the same time.
;;
;; Ho. The
;; variable `folding-default-keys-function' specifiing line to your
;; init file:
;;
;; (setq folding-default-keys-function
;; 'folding-bind-backward-compatible-keys)
;;
;; To define keys similar to the keys used by Outline mode, use:
;;
;; (setq folding-defaut-keys-function
;; 'folding-bind-outline-compati-keys)
;;
;; Customization: adding new major modes
;;
;; To add fold marks for a new major mode, use the function
;; `folding-add-to-marks-list'. The command also replaces
;; existing marks. An example:
;;
;; (folding-add-to-marks-list
;; 'c-mode "/* {{{ " "/* }}} */" " */" t)
;;
; Customization: ISearch
;;
;; If you don't like the extension folding.el applies to isearch,
;; set the variable `folding-isearch-install' to nil before
;; loading this pacndard
;; ones, you can do like this:
;;
;; (setqs-function
;; '(folding-bind-backward-compatible- "Folding setup."
;;
;; (folding-install) ;; jus;; ............................................... markers ...
;; ;; sh/perl/awk code
;;
;; (defvar f-marks-alist nil)
;;
;; (let* ((ptr (assq 'text-mode folding-mode-marks-alist)))
;; (setcdr ptr (list "# {{{" "# }}}")))
;;
;; ;; .....................rrent-entry)
;; (define-key folding-mode-prefix-map 'folding-whole-buffer))
;;
;; Example:;; (defun my-folding-load-hook ()
;; "Foldi; Change marks for 'text-mode'
;; (let* ((ptr (assqing-mode-marks-alist)))
;; (setcdr ptr (list "# {{xample: choosing different fold marks for mode
;;
;; Suppoerent fold marks for the
;; major mode: e.g. to alternate (defun my-folding-text-mode-setup (&optional use-cu (interactive
;; (list (y-or-n-p "Us; (let* ((ptr (assq major-mode folding-mode-marks- (when (eq major-mode 'text-mode)
;; (setq begin default-begin end default-end)))
;; (setcdr ptr (list begin end))
;; f these 3 is to be folded at any
;; one time, using a simpomment types, e.g., "unfold
;; everything then fold on \x";;
;; \O ... \endO
;; \L ... \endL
;; "Folding vars setup."
;; (let ((ptr (assq 'te;; (define-key folding-mode-prefix-map "C"
;; 'my-folding-marks-change)))
;;
;; ctive "P")
;; (let ((ptr (assq major-mode folding-mome major-mode))
;; (setq input
;; read-string "Latex \\end(X) Marker (default O): "
;; (setq input (upcase input))
;; (turnncat "\\" input) (concat "\\end" input)))
;; (tu ;; End of example
;;
;; Bugs: Lazy-shot.el conflict in in the minibuffer and XEmacs freezes.
;;
;; The strange phat I have this bug only under Solaris
;; 2.5 sparc (binar.6 x86. (XEmacs 20.4, folding 2.35). I will try to access
;; ;; the XEmacs people I you can reproduce it.
;;}}}
;;{{{ Documentation
;; Old documentation
;;
;; The following s written by Jamie Lokier for the release
;; of Folding V1t is included here for no particular reason:
;;
;; Emacs 1 frames, then move in
;; and out of folds in the buffer. Tnerally in order to
;; avoid some Emacs display "features"ome of it is specific to
;; certain versions of Emacs. By ;;
;; More known bugs
;;
;; *** Needs folding-fold-regionk out what happens when you
;; exit a fold with the file dat sometime.
;;
;; Future features
;;
;; *** I will add a earlier versions does not count line-numbers in the right
;; ve.
;;
;; *** Fold titles should be optionally allowed on invisible text-properties (I hope they are intended to
;; sible; it isn't implemented like that yet), it
;; will be ed text without affecting the
;; text of the buffer. At thrns for line-feeds in the buffer. This isn't such
;; a gooeven more text-properties, it may be possible to track
;; and out of folds, and have Folding mode
;; automatically e necessary to maintain a
;; sensible display. Because the dified (if
;; overlays are used to hide text), this is quiorward-char', `folding-goto-line' or
;; `folding-next-erromight make it possible to
;; avoid using narrowing. This m3cff7]
;; - Minor documentaton fixes.
;; - Add new `python-mode [jari 3.36-3.37 2006.1118]
;; - Jeremy Hankins <nowan An org> sent a patch, which
;; adds variable `folding-narrow-batch affects
;; mostly `folding-shift-in'. This makes it possader to the beginning for canonnical location.
;; Updated maid from bibtex-mode.
;; Changed bib-mode '@comment' => '%'. Clian
;; Bug#282388
;;
;; Sep 10 2004 21.3 [jari0]
;; - (folding-fold-region): caused to indent bottom fold
;; -mode. Disabled
;; running `indent-according-to-mode' while i; Bug reported by Uwe Brauer; oub A T mat dot ucm dot es
;; -whole buffer.
;; - Changed version scheme to date based YYYY.MMed unnecessary 'all rights reserved'.
;; - (folding-check-foldeter, which
;; - protected all email addresses by removing AT-si2.111-2.115]
;; - Merged in changes made by 2003-11-12 Adrian ; using different expansion macros for XEmacs and Emacs.
;; rg/xemacs-beta/199810/msg00039.html
;; - (folding-forward-char- 2.112 Renamed.
;; Was `folding-forward-char'.
;; (folding-ar-1): 2.112 Renamed.
;; Was `folding-backward-char'.
;; (fion with '_p' interactive spec.
;; (folding-backward-char-macolding-interactive-spec-p): 2.112 New.
;;
[...]
Solution
There's at least one error in the code in your .emacs, here:
; to enable folding mode
(load "folding" 'nomessage 'noerror)
(folding-mode-add-find-file-hook)t
That t is a syntax error as it stands. Might just be a type frpom cut and paste though.
On the error, Trey'd right, and in fact I think I know what the error probably is: somehow the trailing quote mark in the string
"Latest folding is available at http://cvs.xemacs.org/-xemacs-p
has gone missing. From the two of these issues, I suspect your source is corrupt.
OTHER TIPS
It looks like your folding file /Users/Masi/.lisp/folding.el has a problem, we'd need to see the contents of that to determine the error. The reason I say so is that the stack trace goes through a call to load-with-code-conversion - which shows the folding.el file being loaded.
If you take a look at the latest version, found here (version 3.42), the line that begins
(defvar folding-package-url...
is properly formed. However, the stack trace in yours looks like there is some lisp code that somehow made it into the string. Namely the:
(or (boundp 'xemacs-logo)
Try downloading a fresh copy.
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